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Evidence
The research behind the approach, and the outcomes you will see.
Every figure on this page comes from published research or official statistics. None is a CivicGrid result: those will come from the first licensee's districts, once measured.
What the research shows
| Finding | Source |
|---|---|
| Graduation programmes combining an asset, training and coaching raised income 5%, food consumption 8%, assets 15% and savings 96% across six countries including Ghana, three years on. | Banerjee et al., Science, 2015 |
| Those programmes returned between 133% (Ghana) and 433% (India) of their cost. | Banerjee et al., Science, 2015 |
| BRAC's programme in Bangladesh raised annual household earnings 21%, with benefits 3.21 times costs, and total work up 61 days a year. | J-PAL |
| Job search assistance is the active labour market programme most likely to work. | Card, Kluve and Weber, NBER |
| Typical job programmes in developing countries add 2 to 3 percentage points to employment, and vocational training costs US$17,000 to US$60,000 per extra person employed. | McKenzie, 2017 |
These are findings from published research, not CivicGrid results.
The problem in numbers
| Fact | Figure | Source |
|---|---|---|
| People unemployed worldwide, 2026 (projected) | 186 million, a rate of 4.9% | ILO, Employment and Social Trends 2026 |
| Workers in informal jobs worldwide by 2026 | 2.1 billion | ILO, Employment and Social Trends 2026 |
| Sub-Saharan Africa: new workers against new jobs, 2024 to 2025 | 15.4 million against 14.6 million; nearly 9 in 10 workers informal | ILO, via Nairametrics |
| Young Africans entering the workforce each year | 10 to 12 million, against about 3 million formal jobs | African Development Bank |
| Informal output in emerging and developing economies | 32% of GDP (36% in Sub-Saharan Africa) | World Bank |
| Revenue gap in high-informality economies | 5 to 12 percentage points of GDP | World Bank |
| Adults without an account | 1.3 billion | World Bank Global Findex 2025, via BIIA |
| Mobile money, 2025 | 2.3 billion registered accounts; over US$2 trillion moved | GSMA |
| Ghana: unemployment, Q3 2025 | 13.0%; 32.4% for ages 15 to 24 | Ghana Statistical Service |
| Ghana: informal sector | Nearly 80% of the workforce, about 27% of GDP | GSS, via Citi Newsroom |
| UK: young people not in education, employment or training | 981,000 aged 16 to 24 (13.0%) | ONS, August 2026 |
Results each licensee reports
- Verified earners every month.
- Previously unemployed people in sustained earning for 13 weeks.
- Businesses formalised.
- Results by gender, age, disability and district.
We publish a licensee's results only once they have been measured from its own payment records.
What we do not claim
We publish only results that have been measured from licensees' payment records. Planning scenarios shared with buyers are clearly marked as scenarios built from stated assumptions, and measured values replace them as districts go live.
Sources
- ILO, Employment and Social Trends 2026
- ILO 2026 report on Sub-Saharan Africa, via Nairametrics
- African Development Bank on youth entering the workforce
- World Bank on informality
- World Bank Global Findex 2025, via BIIA
- GSMA mobile money 2025
- Ghana Statistical Service, QLFS Q1 to Q3 2025
- GSS informal sector report, via Citi Newsroom
- Ghana tax-to-GDP 2025, via MyJoyOnline
- Districts of Ghana
- ONS, young people not in education, employment or training, August 2026
- Banerjee et al. 2015, via ScienceDaily
- Six-country graduation study returns, via PR Newswire
- J-PAL, BRAC programme in Bangladesh
- Card, Kluve and Weber, NBER
- McKenzie (2017), How effective are active labor market policies in developing countries?
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